Xalacom eye drops 2.5ml

Xalacom instruction

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Composition and form of release

Xalacom is released in the form of eye drops. It is a colorless, transparent liquid without impurities and sediment. The therapeutic effect is associated with two active substances: latanoprost, timolol maleate. As additional substances, the composition contains:
    benzalkonium chloride;
    sodium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous;
    purified water;
    sodium chloride;
    sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate.
The ophthalmic solution is in 2.5 ml dropper bottles. The product is sealed in cardboard packaging with instructions inside. The drops are produced by the Belgian company Faizer.

Pharmachologic effect

Xalacom refers to combined antiglaucoma drugs. In the composition of 2 active substances that reduce intraocular pressure, but the principle of their action is different, therefore they enhance the action of each other. Due to this, Xalacom has advantages over antiglaucoma drugs with one active ingredient.
Latanoprost is a selective FP prostanoid receptor agonist. The substance reduces the level of intraocular pressure, as it enhances the outflow of aqueous humor. Latanoprost does not have a pronounced effect on the production of eye moisture and the permeability of the blood-ophthalmic barrier. If you use the drug according to the instructions and do not exceed the number of drops, latanoprost has no dangerous effect on the heart, lungs.
Timolol is the second active ingredient, a non-selective beta 1, 2 blocker. When applied topically, it does not show a sympathomimetic effect on internal organs, systems, does not have a depressive effect on the heart muscles. The active substance reduces intraocular pressure, like latanoprost, and there is a decrease in both high and normal pressure.
In general, the effect after the use of Xalacom drops occurs within 60 minutes, the maximum effect is noted after 5-8 hours.
Due to additional substances, the solution is evenly distributed over the surface of the mucous membrane, quickly penetrates through its layer. Also, additional components retain a long period of preservation of the therapeutic effect and the bioavailability of active substances, therefore the drug has a long duration of action.

Pharmacokinetics

Both active ingredients quickly penetrate the cornea, enter into chemical reactions and turn into active forms. The maximum concentration of latanoprost is observed 2 hours after instillation, timolol after 1 hour. Substances enter the general bloodstream by about 40-45%. Latanoprost is determined in the aqueous humor of the eye for 4 hours, in the blood for 1 hour. It is excreted from the body very quickly in 15-20 minutes. Timolol is retained in the body much longer, the period of its elimination is about 6 hours. Active substances are removed from the body by the kidneys in the urine.

Indications, contraindications

Xalacom eye drops are used with high intraocular pressure against the background of open-angle glaucoma, increased ophthalmotonus. Also, a combined agent is prescribed if treatment with drops containing only latanoprost or timolol did not give a pronounced effect. Ophthalmic solution Xalacom has many contraindications for use. Absolute:
    chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
    sinoatrial blockade;
    sinus tachycardia;
    sick sinus syndrome;
    bronchial asthma;
    severe heart failure;
    cardiogenic shock;
    age up to 18 years;
    an allergic reaction to the substances that make up the drug;
    AV-blockade of 2.3 degrees in the absence of artificial pacemaker control.
There are also relative contraindications, that is, situations in which drops can be used, but with extreme caution:
    angle-closure, neovascular glaucoma, as well as associated with inflammatory processes;
    open-angle glaucoma, which develops in combination with the pigmentary form of the disease and pseudophakia;
    herpetic keratitis, which a person has had in the past;
    violation of peripheral circulation;
    corneal pathology.
Caution is necessary if a person has a history of AV block of 1 degree, since the active substances can affect the speed of the impulse.

Instructions for use

Before the introduction of drops, the bottle of liquid must be warmed in the hands to avoid discomfort from the instillation of the cold solution. Regardless of age, to reduce intraocular pressure, 1 drop is instilled into the affected eye 1 time per day. How long to use Xalacom is determined by an ophthalmologist. To reduce the amount of the drug that enters the general blood stream, after the injection of the solution, it is recommended to slightly press on the inner corner of the eye, where the lacrimal canal is located (closer to the bridge of the nose) for 2-3 minutes.

Side effects

On the part of the organ of vision, the following negative manifestations are possible:
    increased pigmentation of the iris;
    decreased vision;
    inflammation of the eyelids;
    cataract;
    damage to the conjunctiva, cornea;
    burning;
    itching;
    pain;
    redness of the eyes;
    increased sensitivity to light;
    loss of visual fields;
    lacrimation.
Other side effects can include: headache, depression, increased cholesterol levels, diabetes mellitus, and increased blood pressure. As well as sinusitis, arthritis, rash, itching, skin irritation.

Can Xalacom be used by pregnant and lactating women

The manufacturer indicates in the instructions that adequate controlled studies have not been carried out with regard to the use in pregnant women. There is evidence of epidemiological studies on the action of beta-blockers. According to the results, there were no cases of negative impact on the fetus and the appearance of congenital defects. However, the likelihood of intrauterine growth retardation was increased.
Also, some side effects were noted in infants whose mothers used beta-blockers during pregnancy: increased blood pressure, decreased glucose levels, respiratory failure. Considering all these data, it is possible to use the drug in pregnant women only if it is impossible to prescribe other drugs or their ineffectiveness. Or if the benefits to the mother's health outweigh the potential harm to the fetus.
Both active substances in the Xalacom drops, along with their metabolites, can pass into breast milk. Considering that there is a risk of negative impact on the newborn, if necessary, the use of the drug, the child should be weaned from the breast and transferred to artificial feeding. If the use of drops is prescribed for a short time, then in order to maintain milk production, it must be expressed. You can return to breastfeeding after discontinuation of Xalacom.

Overdose

The manufacturer indicates that with an overdose of latanoprost, cases of irritation, redness of the eyes are known. Other indications are unknown. In case of an overdose of timolol, the same manifestations are observed as in the excess of the number of beta-blockers: headache, shortness of breath, dizziness, bronchospasm, bradycardia, heart failure.
Treatment of an overdose of drops is symptomatic, aimed at eliminating the symptoms that have appeared.

Drug interactions

The study of the combination of Xalacom drops with other drugs was not specifically carried out. Given the effect of the drug, the effect of the active ingredients is not recommended to use drops simultaneously with other beta-blockers for oral administration. Against their background, intraocular pressure can greatly decrease and systemic side effects occur. It is not recommended to simultaneously instill drops containing prostaglandins, as an increase in intraocular pressure is possible. When instilling Epinephrine, mydriasis may occur. Also, it is not recommended to use the following remedies against the background of treatment with Xalacom drops:
    cardiac glycosides;
    slow calcium channel blockers;
    guanidine;
    antiarrhythmic medicines;
    drugs that reduce the amount of catecholamines.
Suffering from diabetes mellitus, it should be borne in mind that the use of beta-blockers may increase the effect of antidiabetic drugs.

Special instructions

Xalacom drops do not need to be instilled more than 1 time a day, so as not to cause a decrease in effectiveness. If the introduction of the drug was missed, you do not need to inject an extra number of drops during the next procedure. It is recommended to instill drops at the same time. When prescribing a combination treatment, which includes several ophthalmic agents, an interval between use of 15-20 minutes must be adhered to. Eye ointments are applied after all drops.
The composition contains a preservative - benzalkonium chloride, it can negatively affect contact lenses and lead to a change in their color and quality. Against this background, there are cases of punctate keratitis, ulcerative keratopathy. Before the procedure, contact lenses must be removed and installed 15 minutes after the injection of the solution.

Storage conditions

Keep drops away from small children and direct sunlight at a temperature of 2 ° to 8 ° C. Drops retain their medicinal properties for 2 years from the date of release. After opening the solution, it can be buried within 1 month, after which it must be disposed of.

Reviews

Natalia, 45 years old
I have had open-angle glaucoma for 2 years already. With high intraocular pressure, I was prescribed Xalacom drops. The drug is not cheap, given that the bottle contains only 2.5 ml and it takes a long time to drip. I liked the effect, the drops work after the first application. The instructions contain a huge list of contraindications and side effects, which scared me a little, but I did not notice the negative effect of the drug.
Anastasia, 38 years old
Due to the high pressure in the eye and glaucoma, I was prescribed many different drugs. The last one that I remember was Azarga, but there was practically no effect from it, the pressure did not completely return to normal. Therefore, the combined drops were prescribed Xalacom, which contains one of the components as in Azarga. After it, the pressure quickly decreased, there were no unpleasant sensations, there were no side effects after instillation.
Love, 35 years old
I was prescribed Xalacom for open-angle glaucoma when I was breastfeeding my baby. It is not recommended to use it when feeding, so as not to harm the baby, but other drugs did not help me. I had to transfer the child to formula. I am very pleased with the action of the drops, the pressure decreased, and the unpleasant sensations in the eye gradually disappeared.

Terms of sell

You don't need a prescription to buy Xalacom.